Lincoln was the Republican Party candidate.
At the time, few people outside
Abraham
Lincoln is
buried in
Oak Ridge
Cemetery in
Springfield,
Illinois.
An illustration shows Abraham Lincoln and
Stephen A. Douglas debating in front of a
crowd in 1858.
156 Lincoln-Douglas Debates BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Illinois knew anything about him. His
party had been formed to stop slavery
from spreading.
When Lincoln was nominated he said
that slavery would be a major problem
for the country because the country was
so divided over the issue. In the debates
Douglas tried to make Lincoln seem like
a dangerous person who wanted the
United States to break apart. Lincoln
made the point that slavery was wrong
and that it had led to much violence.
Douglas won the election, but Lincoln
won many followers. Two years later the
two men ran against each other again.
This time it was for president of the
United States. By then the Democratic
Party was badly split because of the slavery
issue. Also, the debates had made
Lincoln a respected person throughout
the North. These two things enabled
Lincoln to win the presidential election
by a good margin.
#More to explore
Kansas-Nebraska Act • Lincoln,
Abraham • Slavery
Lindbergh,
Charles
Charles Lindbergh was the first person
to fly an airplane alone across the Atlantic
Ocean without stopping. People
called him Lucky Lindy.
Charles Augustus Lindbergh was born
on February 4, 1902, in the U.S. city of
Detroit, Michigan. He studied flying in
Nebraska and Texas. At that time airplanes
were still a new invention. In
1926 he began flying mail between Saint
Louis, Missouri, and Chicago, Illinois.
In 1927 Lindbergh decided to compete
for a prize for flying nonstop from New
York City to Paris, France. He had a
plane, called the Spirit of Saint Louis,
built for him. On May 20 and 21, 1927,
Lindbergh made the flight in 33 hours
and 30 minutes. He became an instant
hero in the United States and Europe.
In 1929 Lindbergh married the writer
Anne Morrow. Later she was his copilot
and navigator on flights around the
world. In 1932 their child was kidnapped
and murdered. The crime
received worldwide attention.
In the early 1940s Lindbergh gave
speeches calling for the United States to
stay out ofWorldWar II. But once the
United States entered the war, Lindbergh
helped the war effort. He flew 50
combat missions in the Pacific war zone.
Charles Lindbergh stands in front of his airplane,
the Spirit of Saint Louis, in 1927.
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Lindbergh, Charles 157
After the war Lindbergh and his family
lived quietly in Connecticut and later in
Hawaii. Lindbergh died in Hawaii on
August 26, 1974.
#More to explore
Airplane
Lion
The lion is the second largest member of
the cat family after the tiger. Lions live
in parts of Africa and India. Their loud
roar is among the most terrifying sounds
of the grasslands. The scientific name of
the lion is Panthera leo.
Physical Features
The lion has a long body, short legs,
sharp claws, and a large head. Adult
males are about 9 to 10 feet (2.7 to 3
meters) long, including the tail. They
stand about 3 feet (1 meter) tall at the
shoulder and can weigh 370 to 500
pounds (170 to 230 kilograms). Females
are shorter and more slender.
Lions are covered with yellow-brown
hair. A male lion is easy to spot because
of its mane. This coarse hair grows on its
head, neck, and shoulders. Lionesses
(females) do not have manes.
Behavior
Lions live in groups called prides. A
pride is made up of related lionesses,
their cubs, and one or two adult males.
Prides average 15 members.
Lionesses usually do most of the pride’s
hunting, mainly at night. They hunt
animals such as zebras, wildebeests, and
antelopes. They often hunt by hiding
beside a water hole and then pouncing.
Sometimes prides hunt together as a
team and share the kill.
Life Cycle
Three months after mating, lionesses
bear one to six cubs. The newborns
have spots or stripes that disappear
within nine months. The mother
guards her cubs closely. She teaches
them to hunt when they are about 18
months old.
Lions in the wild rarely live more than 8
to 10 years. Lions in zoos have a life
span of about 25 years.
Lions and Humans
Since the days of the Roman Empire,
people have caged lions for display in
circuses and zoos. People also have
hunted the lion for many years. Today
lions are protected in some national
parks.
#More to explore
A lioness is very protective of her cubs. Cat • Tiger
158 Lion BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Lisbon
Population
(2001 census),
city, 564,657;
(2005 estimate),
metropolitan
area,
2,761,000
Lisbon is the capital of Portugal, a country
of southwestern Europe. The city lies
on the Tagus River near where it flows
into the Atlantic Ocean. Lisbon grew
wealthy from sea trade in the 1400s and
1500s. It was then the center of Portugal’s
large and powerful empire. Today
Lisbon is still Portugal’s main port and
largest city. It is also a center of business
and industry.
Lisbon is a city of white houses and
elegant parks and gardens. The city’s
main street, the Avenida da Liberdade
(Liberty Avenue), has wide, mosaiccovered
sidewalks.
