Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary полностью

1 N‑COUNT A bash is a party or celebration, especially a large one held by an official organization or attended by famous people. [INFORMAL ] □  He threw one of the biggest showbiz bashes of the year.

2 VERB If someone bashes you, they attack you by hitting or punching you hard. [INFORMAL ] □ [V n] If someone tried to bash my best mate they would have to bash me as well. □ [V n prep/adv] I bashed him on the head and dumped him in the cold, cold water. □ [be/get V -ed] Two women were hurt and the chef was bashed over the head with a bottle.

3 VERB If you bash something, you hit it hard in a rough or careless way. [INFORMAL ] □ [V n prep/adv] Too many golfers try to bash the ball out of sand. That spells disaster. □ [V prep/adv] A stand-in drummer bashes on a single snare and a pair of cymbals. [Also V n]

4 N‑COUNT If you get a bash on a part of your body, someone or something hits you hard, or you bump into something. [INFORMAL ]

5 VERB To bash someone means to criticize them severely, usually in a public way. [JOURNALISM ] □ [V n] The President could continue to bash Democrats as being soft on crime.

6 → see also -bashing

-basher /-bæʃə ^r / (-bashers ) COMB -basher combines with nouns to form nouns referring to someone who is physically violent towards a particular type of person, or who is unfairly critical of a particular type of person. [DISAPPROVAL ] □  …gay-bashers who go around looking for homosexuals to beat up.

bash|ful /bæ ʃfʊl/ ADJ Someone who is bashful is shy and easily embarrassed. □  He seemed bashful and awkward. □  …a bashful young lady. ●  bash|ful|ly /bæ ʃfʊli/ ADV [ADV with v] □  'No,' Wang Fu said bashfully. ●  bash|ful|ness N‑UNCOUNT □  I was overcome with bashfulness when I met her.

-bashing /-bæʃ I ŋ/

1 COMB -bashing combines with nouns to form nouns or adjectives that refer to strong, public, and often unfair criticism of the people or group mentioned. [JOURNALISM , DISAPPROVAL ] □  Tory-bashing or Labour-bashing will not be enough to shift bored, suspicious voters.

2 COMB -bashing combines with nouns to form nouns or adjectives that refer to the activity of violently attacking the people mentioned just because they belong to a particular group or community. [DISAPPROVAL ] □  …an outburst of violent gay-bashing in New York and other cities.

3 → see also bash

ba|sic ◆◆◇ /be I s I k/

1 ADJ [usu ADJ n] You use basic to describe things, activities, and principles that are very important or necessary, and on which others depend. □  One of the most basic requirements for any form of angling is a sharp hook. □  …the basic skills of reading, writing and communicating. □  …the basic laws of physics. □  Access to justice is a basic right.

2 ADJ [usu ADJ n] Basic goods and services are very simple ones which every human being needs. You can also refer to people's basic needs for such goods and services. □  …shortages of even the most basic foodstuffs. □  Hospitals lack even basic drugs for surgical operations. □  …the basic needs of food and water.

3 ADJ If one thing is basic to another, it is absolutely necessary to it, and the second thing cannot exist, succeed, or be imagined without it. □ [+ to ] …an oily liquid, basic to the manufacture of a host of other chemical substances. □ [+ to ] There are certain ethical principles that are basic to all the great religions.