Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary полностью

cas|cade /kæske I d/ (cascades , cascading , cascaded )

1 N‑COUNT If you refer to a cascade of something, you mean that there is a large amount of it. [LITERARY ] □ [+ of ] The women have lustrous cascades of black hair.

2 VERB If water cascades somewhere, it pours or flows downwards very fast and in large quantities. □ [V adv/prep] She hung on as the freezing, rushing water cascaded past her. [Also V ]

case

➊ INSTANCES AND OTHER ABSTRACT MEANINGS

➋ CONTAINERS

➌ GRAMMAR TERM

➊ case ◆◆◆ /ke I s/ (cases )

1 N‑COUNT [oft in N ] A particular case is a particular situation or incident, especially one that you are using as an individual example or instance of something. □ [+ of ] Surgical training takes at least nine years, or 11 in the case of obstetrics. □  One of the effects of dyslexia, in my case at least, is that you pay tremendous attention to detail. □ [+ of ] The Honduran press published reports of eighteen cases of alleged baby snatching.

2 N‑COUNT A case is a person or their particular problem that a doctor, social worker, or other professional is dealing with. □ [+ of ] …the case of a 57-year-old man who had suffered a stroke. □ [+ of ] Some cases of arthritis respond to a gluten-free diet. □  Child protection workers were meeting to discuss her case.

3 N‑COUNT [adj N ] If you say that someone is a sad case or a hopeless case , you mean that they are in a sad situation or a hopeless situation. □  I knew I was going to make it–that I wasn't a hopeless case.

4 → see also basket case , nutcase

5 N‑COUNT A case is a crime or mystery that the police are investigating. □  Mr. Hitchens said you have solved some very unusual cases.

6 N‑COUNT [usu sing] The case for or against a plan or idea consists of the facts and reasons used to support it or oppose it. □ [+ for ] He sat there while I made the case for his dismissal. □ [+ against ] Both these facts strengthen the case against hanging. □  She argued her case.

7 N‑COUNT In law, a case is a trial or other legal inquiry. □  It can be difficult for public figures to win a libel case. □  The case was brought by his family, who say their reputation has been damaged.

8 → see also test case

9 PHRASE You say in any case when you are adding something which is more important than what you have just said, but which supports or corrects it. [EMPHASIS ] □  Alf said that there was nothing he could do, and in any case, it was a private matter.

10 PHRASE You say in any case after talking about things that you are not sure about, to emphasize that your next statement is the most important thing or the thing that you are sure about. [EMPHASIS ] □  Either he escaped, or he came to grief. In any case, he was never seen again.

11 PHRASE If you do something in case or just in case a particular thing happens, you do it because that thing might happen. □  In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour.

12 PHRASE If you do something or have something in case of a particular thing, you do it or have it because that thing might happen or be true. □  Many shops along the route have been boarded up in case of trouble.

13 PHRASE You use in case in expressions like 'in case you didn't know' or 'in case you've forgotten' when you are telling someone in a rather irritated way something that you think is either obvious or none of their business. [FEELINGS ] □  She's nervous about something, in case you didn't notice.