74 Michael R. Gordon and Dustin Volz, “Russian Disinformation Campaign Aims to Undermine Confidence in Pfizer, Other Covid-19 Vaccines, U.S. Officials Say,” Wall Street Journal, March 7, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-disinformation-campaign-aims-to-undermine-confidence-in-pfizer-other-covid-19-vaccines-u-s-officials-say-11615129200.
75 Reuters Fact Check, “Fact Check—Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vector in the AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine Does Not Cause Monkeypox,” Reuters, May 24, 2022, https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-health-monkeypox/fact-check-chimpanzee-adenovirus-vector-in-the-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-does-not-cause-monkeypox-idUSL2N2XG0W1.
76 Manveen Rana and Sean O’Neill, “Russians Spread Fake News over Oxford Coronavirus Vaccine,” The Times, October 16, 2020, Internet Archive, https://web.archive.org/web/20201021023753/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/russians-spread-fake-news-over-oxford-coronavirus-vaccine-2nzpk8vrq.
77 Charlie Haynes and Flora Carmichael, “The YouTubers Who Blew the Whistle on an Anti-vax Plot,” BBC News, July 25, 2021, https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-57928647.
78 “July 2021 Coordinated Inauthentic Behavior Report,” Meta, August 10, 2021, https://about.fb.com/news/2021/08/july-2021-coordinated-inauthentic-behavior-report.
79 Adam Satariano and Davey Alba, “Burning Cell Towers, out of Baseless Fear They Spread the Virus,” New York Times, April 10, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/10/technology/coronavirus-5g-uk.html.
80 Kelvin Chan, Beatrice Dupuy, and Arijeta Lajka, “Conspiracy Theorists Burn 5G Towers Claiming Link to Virus,” AP News, April 21, 2020, https://apnews.com/article/health-ap-top-news-wireless-technology-international-news-virus-outbreak-4ac3679b6f39e8bd2561c1c8eeafd855.
81 Jeff Horwitz, Broken Code: Inside Facebook and the Fight to Expose Its Harmful Secrets (New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2023), 177.
82 Camille Caldera, “Fact Check: Nurse Who Fainted After COVID-19 Vaccination Is Alive and Well,” USA Today, December 23, 2020, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/12/23/fact-check-nurse-who-fainted-after-being-vaccinated-alive/4024424001.
83 Brandy Zadrozny, “Conspiracy Theorists Made Tiffany Dover into an Anti-vaccine Icon. She’s Finally Ready to Talk About It,” NBC News, April 10, 2023, https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/misinformation/tiffany-dover-conspiracy-theorists-silence-rcna69401.
84 The Virality Project, “Memes, Magnets and Microchips,” 50–52.
85 “Table 4. CICP Claims Compensated (Fiscal Years 2010–2023),” US Health Resources and Services Administration, Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program, https://www.hrsa.gov/cicp/cicp-data/table-4.
86 “The Joe Rogan & Dr. Peter Mccullough Interview,” ZDOGGMD, December 17, 2021, https://zdoggmd.com/peter-mccullough.
87 “Joe Rogan Interview with Peter McCullough Contains Multiple False and Unsubstantiated Claims About the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccines,” Health Feedback, https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/joe-rogan-interview-with-peter-mccullough-contains-multiple-false-and-unsubstantiated-claims-about-the-covid-19-pandemic-and-vaccines.
88 Bruce Y. Lee, “Have More Athletes Died Suddenly Since Covid-19 Vaccines Arrived? Such Claims Lack Evidence,” Forbes, January 14, 2023, https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2023/01/14/no-evidence-of-more-athletes-having-died-suddenly-despite-covid-19-vaccine-claims/?sh=22d1dc2875c2.
89 Ali Swenson and Angelo Fichera, “‘Died Suddenly’ Posts Twist Tragedies to Push Vaccine Lies,” AP News, February 4, 2023, https://apnews.com/article/vaccine-died-suddenly-misinformation-a8e3a80a015ba9bf78b6bd4f3c271f58.
90 Angelo Fichera, “Claims Baselessly Link COVID Vaccines to Athlete Deaths,” AP News, January 9, 2023, https://apnews.com/article/fact-check-covid-vaccines-athlete-deaths-1500-989195 878254.
91 Ibid.
92 “Crazy, Disturbing Damar Hamlin Conspiracy Theory Emerges,” NBC Sports, January 25, 2023, https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/crazy-disturbing-damar-hamlin-conspiracy-theory-emerges.
93 McCullough was suspended from Twitter in July 2021 on his account @cov19treatments. While he was able to start another account (@p_mcculloughmd) in November of that year, he was upset that Twitter would not give it Verified status. He, along with several other physicians suspended for COVID-19 misinformation, sued Twitter in June 2022, claiming that Twitter violated its Covid-19 misinformation guidelines by suspending the doctors’ accounts because “none of these physicians posted false or misleading information, nor did they receive five strikes before suspension.” The lawsuit was tossed out on Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SLAPP) grounds, with the court reaffirming Twitter’s right to carry the content it saw fit. See Robert W. Malone, MD et al. v. Twitter Inc. et al., CGC-22-600397 (Cal. Super. Ct. Jun. 27, 2022), https://docs.reclaimthenet.org/Malone-et-al-vs-Twitter-rtn-87.pdf.
