Mao Zedong On Dialectical Materialism полностью

4. “Extracts from Ai Siqi’s Philosophy and Life” (September, 1937): This is not a coherent essay as are the three previous texts. The document is made up of a series of extracts taken from and notations on Ai Siqi’s book Philosophy and Life. The extracts and notations in isolation thus have very little significance. The translator of these “Extracts”, Dr John Hanafin, has therefore chosen to translate the extracts parallel to the sections of Ai Siqi’s book from which they were taken. The extracts are thus placed in textual relationship to their original source. Dr Hanafin has employed the edition of Zhexue yu shenghuo (Philosophy and Life) published by Yunnan People’s Publishing House in 1980 (the volume was first published in April 1937), which also employs this device. Ai Siqi’s Philosophy and Life was comprised of a series of essays written in response to problems readers encountered in reading the journal Dushu Shenghuo (Intellectual Life) edited by Ai in Shanghai in the mid-1930s. The essays in the book from which Mao took extracts are those concerned with relativism and absolutism, formal and dialectical logic, and internal and external cause.

Mao’s extracts are shown in the left column and the corresponding section from Zhexue yu shenghuo in the right column. The left column (from a1 to a31) gives the complete content of Mao’s “Extracts”, but the right column (from b1 to b31) only the relevant, corresponding sections of Ai’s essays.

5. Philosophical Annotations and Marginalia: From late-1936 to mid-1937 Mao annotated and wrote marginal comments on two Chinese translations of Soviet texts on philosophy. These were M. Shirokov and A. Aizenberg et al., A Course on Dialectical Materialism (third edition) and M.B. Mitin et al., Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism (Volume I). Limitations of space prevent a complete translation of these annotations and marginalia here, for to make sense of Mao’s often cryptic comments would require reproduction of large sections of the original text which Mao annotated. This is the strategy employed by the editors of Mao Zedong zhexue pizhuji (The Philosophical Annotations of Mao Zedong), a strategy which required 189 pages. I have chosen rather to select those annotations and marginal comments which are of sufficient coherence and significance to stand alone. I have, nevertheless, included the page numbers of the two texts on philosophy on which the annotations appear, as well as the relevant page numbers of Mao Zedong zhexue pizhuji. The interested reader can therefore locate any annotation in its original textual context should the need arise.