For instance, consider the Guomindang and the Communist Party. In the period of the first united front, the Guomindang[4-493]was revolutionary and vigorous, and it was an alliance of various classes for the democratic revolution. After 1927, it changed into its opposite.[4-494]After the Xian Incident, it began to change in the direction of a new phase.[4-495] Such have been the particular features of the Guomindang in the three stages. Of course, these features have arisen from a variety of causes. Now take the other aspect, the Communist Party.[4-496] In the period of the first united front, the Chinese Communist Party was in its infancy; it led the first Great Revolution[4-497] but revealed its immaturity in its understanding of the character, the tasks and the methods, etc. of the revolution. Because of this Chen Duxiuism emerged.[4-498] After 1927, [p. 257] the Communist Party led the war of the Soviets, steeling itself in this struggle with its international and internal enemies, and established the Soviets and the Red Army;[4-499] however, it committed political and military errors.[4-500] Since 1935, the Party has[4-501] again been leading a new united front,[4-502] and has raised the slogan of anti-Japanese national war and a democratic republic. These have been the particular features of the Communist Party during one stage. These features, too, have arisen from a variety of causes. Without studying both these sets of features we cannot understand the particular relation between the two parties during the various stages of their development, namely, the united front,[4-503] the break-up of the united front, and a further united front.[4-504] What is even more fundamental[4-505] than the relations between the two parties is the resultant contradictions which have arisen between each party and other forces.[4-506] For instance,[4-507] the Guomindang stood in contradiction to foreign imperialism[4-508] (sometimes adopting compromise), and in contradiction to the great masses of the people within the country.[4-509] The Communist Party has stood in contradiction to foreign imperialism,[4-510] and in contradiction to internal exploiting classes.[4-511] Because of these contradictions, there has been created both struggle and alliance between the two parties.[4-512] If we do not understand the particular features of both aspects of the contradiction, we shall fail to understand not only the relations of each party with other forces, but also the relations between the two parties; why is there the possibility of new co-operation between the Guomindang and the Communist Party? It is because of internal changes within the Guomindang which have emerged as a result of the people’s dissatisfaction over Japanese oppression.