Insect Fertilization, 115.

Jack-in-the-Pulpit, detaining its guests, 119.

Jardine, Sir William, concerning cuckoo's eggs, 32.

Jenner, Dr., habits of the young cuckoo, 35.

Knight, Andrew:

-On the divination of flowers, 108;

theory of cross-fertilization, 115.

Köhlreuter:

-Recognizing Sprengel's principles, 108;

a botanical pioneer, 115.

Krunitz, on flower honey, 111.

Labiates, flowers with lips, 122.

Ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes), 218.

Larva:

-Hornet, 16;

"puss-moth," 76;

psychid, 83.

Linnæus:

-Settling the theory of fertilization, 110;

puzzled as to the function of honey, 111;

a second step, 116;

imperfect knowledge of the orchid, 173.

Logan, concerning the cuckoo, 23.

Lubbock:

-On the divination of flowers, 108;

follower of Darwin, 116;

on the cultivation of aphides, 166.

Martial Spirit of Vespa, 19.

Membracis binotata, insect with a sharp beak, a tree-hopper, 91.

Milkweed:

-Its matchless hospitality;

purple pompons;

its five horns, 227;

its one mission;

the humming-bird its friend, 228;

complex mechanism;

enticing fragrance;

removal of pollen on insects' legs, 229;

four captives, 230;

its honey trap;

its tenacious grip, 233;

an assortment of victims;

cumbersome handicap, 234;

a wholesale destroyer, 235.

Mint family, 122.

Mnio-tiltidæ, summer yellow-bird, 47.

Moccasin-flower (Cypripedium acaule), 205.

Moths:

-Twilight;

sphinx, 118, 190, 220;

grape-vine, 160.

Mountain laurel:

-Showers of pollen of;

curious construction of flower of;

withers if brought indoors, 124;

character of the pollen, 125.

Mouse, motley collection of food of;

mischief of, 7.

Müller, Hermann:

-On the divination of flowers, 108;

on defective observation, 114;

the relations between the flower and insect, 116;

on fertilization, 142

Nature's Equilibrium, 39.

Natural observation, 57.

Nomadic blossoms, 83.

Orchids:

-Dependence on insects, 144;

strange mechanical adaptation;

sweet-pogonia;

perfume suggesting raspberries, 145;

intention of the blossom, 146;

adaptation for insects, 147;

its fragrance a perfumed whisper of welcome, 148;

a contrast, 172;

form of invitation, 173;

insect complement, 174;

Arethusa bulbosa, 175;

theories concerning the conveyance of the pollen, 176;

the most highly specialized form of flowers, 180;

distinguished by its structure;

American varieties not air-plants;

form of flower, 181;

elasticity of the pollen of the Spectabilis, 182;

self-fertilizing, 183;

American and exotic species, 184;

Arethusa's fragrance, 185;

its structure, 186;

significant depth of nectar wells;

conditions demanded of insects, 187;

Gray's surmise, 188;

sphinx-moth its only complement, 190;

manner of carrying the pollen by sphinx-moth, 193;

extracting the pollen with a pencil;

length of the nectary, 196;

purple-fringed, 198;

ragged, 200;

very exceptional provision, 201;

yellow-spiked, 203;

moccasin-flower;

ladies'-slipper;

Venus's-slipper;

the color of, 205;

distinctive character of, 206;

practical experiment, 209;

imprisonment of the bee;

manner of its release, 210;

rattlesnake-plantain, 213;

Angræcum, its long nectary, 219;

tongue of a sphinx-moth eleven inches long, 220;

nectary thirteen inches long, 223.

"Origin of Species":

-First important presentation of the theory of

cross-fertilization, 105;

tardy appreciation of the work, 115.

Odynerus flavipes, wren-wasp, 10.

Ovid, concerning hornets, 18.

Parallels in Nature, 152.

Platanthera, orchid group, 192.

Pliny, 23.

Pogonia ophioglossoides, sweet-pogonia, 145.

Polistes, brown wasp, 161.

Primrose, evening, 118.

Psychid:

-A sack-bearer; drags its house with it; feeds on seed-pods, 83;

winter quarters of silk, 84.

Queer Little Family:

-Tree-hopper (Membracis binotata); a singular entertainment;

graceful curves, 87;

a branch in masquerade; queer thorns, 88;

a sudden disappearance; animated thorns; like a covey of quails, 89;

like "Bob White," 90;

singular agility; queer anatomy; always ready for flight, 91;

fondness for locust and oak-trees, simulating the color and character

of the branches, 92;

manner of sitting on the branches, 93;

always headed towards the top; tiny tufts of cotton, 94;

color and size of the tufts; a mere frothy shell; a riddle, 95;

its relations, 96;

an investigation, 97;

its technique, 98;

aërated cement; froth-house builder, 99;

period of hatching, 100;

a house for the winter; not a wanderer, 101.

Ragged Orchid (H. lacera), 200.

"Rattlesnake-plantain," 213.

Rudbeckia hirta, cone-flower, 138.

Sage (Salvia officinalis), strange curved stamen, 119;

nature's arrangement, 112.

Salvia, its welcome to the bee, 117.

Self-fertilization, 141.

Sheep-spit, 80.

Showy orchid (H. orbicularis),194.

Snorting war-horse, 18.

Solitude, the pleasures of, 3.

"Solomon's ant," 152.

Spectabilis, orchid, 182;

its favorite haunt, 195.

Spiders, agalena, epeira, argiope, 8;

a two years' span, 7;

a silken vortex;

miscellaneous food, 8.

Spiranthes, "Lady's-tresses," 218.

Sprengel, Christian Conrad:

-Inspiration from the wild geranium, 108;

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