FO 195/321, Colquhoun to Palmerston, 16 Aug. 1848.
40
FO 195/332, Colquhoun to Stratford Canning, 2 July 1849.
41
Florescu, Struggle against Russia, pp. 217–18.
42
D. Goldfrank, The Origins of the Crimean War (London, 1995), pp. 68–71.
CHAPTER 4. THE END OF PEACE IN EUROPE
1
On British naval defence against France, see A. Lambert, The Crimean War: British Grand Strategy, 1853–56 (Manchester, 1990), pp. 25–7.
2
RA VIC/MAIN/QVJ/1855, 16 Apr.
3
Mémoires du duc De Persigny (Paris, 1896), p. 212.
4
A. J. P. Taylor, The Struggle for Mastery in Europe 1848–1918 (Oxford, 1955), p. 49.
5
Mémoires du duc De Persigny, p. 225; E. Bapst, Les Origines de la Guerre en Crimée: La France et la Russie de 1848 à 1851 (Paris, 1912), pp. 325–7.
6
FO 78/895, Rose to Malmesbury, 28 Dec. 1852.
7
K. Vitzthum von Eckstadt, St Petersburg and London in the Years 1852–64, 2 vols. (London, 1887), vol. 1, p. 38; D. Goldfrank, The Origins of the Crimean War (London, 1995), pp. 109–10.
8
FO 65/424, Seymour to Russell, 11 and 22 Jan., 22 Feb. 1853.
9
FO 65/424, Seymour to Russell, 11 Jan., 21 Feb. 1853; A. Cunningham, Eastern Questions in the Nineteenth Century: Collected Essays, 2 vols. (London, 1993), vol. 2, p. 136.
10
FO 65/424, Seymour to Russell, 22 Feb. 1853; FO 65/425, Seymour to Clarendon, 29 Mar. 1853.
11
Cunningham, Eastern Questions, vol. 2, pp. 139–40.
12
FO 65/424, Seymour to Russell, 10 Feb. 1853.
13
RGAVMF, f. 19, op. 7, d. 135, l. 37; FO 65/424, Seymour to Russell, 7 Jan. 1853; Correspondence Respecting the Rights and Privileges of the Latin and Greek Churches in Turkey, 2 vols. (London, 1854–6), vol. 1, pp. 121–4.
14
RGAVMF, f. 19, op. 7, d. 135, l. 43; J. Curtiss, Russia’s Crimean War (Durham, NC, 1979), p. 94.
15
FO 65/420, Clarendon to Seymour, 23 Mar., 5 Apr. 1853; Goldfrank, Origins of the Crimean War, pp. 136–8.
16
Mémoires du duc De Persigny, pp. 226–31; Bapst, Origines de la Guerre en Crimée, p. 354.
17
Mémoires du comte Horace de Viel-Castel sur le règne de Napoléon III, 1851–1864, 2 vols. (Paris, 1979), vol. 1, p. 180; J. Ridley, Napoleon III and Eugenie (London, 1979), p. 365; S. Lane-Poole, The Life of the Right Honourable Stratford Canning, 2 vols. (London, 1888), vol. 2, p. 237.
18
Correspondence Respecting the Rights and Privileges of the Latin and Greek Churches, vol. 1, pp. 256–8; Cunningham, Eastern Questions, pp. 159–62; Goldfrank, Origins of the Crimean War, pp. 147–8, 156–7; A. Saab, The Origins of the Crimean Alliance (Charlottesville, Va., 1977), pp. 135–7; Lane-Poole, The Life of the Right Honourable Stratford Canning, vol. 2, p. 248.
19
BOA, AMD, 44/81, Musurus to Reshid Pasha, 13 May 1853; RGAVMF, f. 19, op. 7, d. 135, l. 52; C. Badem, ‘The Ottomans and the Crimean War (1853–1856)’, Ph.D. diss. (Sabanci University, 2007), pp. 74–6.
20
A. Zaionchkovskii, Vostochnaia voina 1853–1856, 3 vols. (St Petersburg, 2002), vol. 1, pp. 739–40.
21
Russkii arkhiv, 1891, no. 8, p. 169; ‘Voina s Turtsiei 1828–1829 i 1853–1854’, Russkaia starina, 16 (1876), pp. 681–7; P. Schroeder, Austria, Great Britain and the Crimean War: The Destruction of the European Concert (Ithaca, NY, 1972), p. 76.
22
RGVIA, f. 846, op. 16, d. 5407, ll. 7–11; d. 5451, ll. 13–14; Zaionchkovskii, Vostochnaia voina, vol. 1, p. 74.
23
Za mnogo let: Zapiski (vospominaniia) neizvestnogo 1844–1874 gg. (St Petersburg, 1897), p. 74; RGB OR, f. 743, T. Klemm, ‘Vospominaniia starogo-soldata, rasskazannye synu, kadetu VII klacca Pskovskogo kadetskogo korpusa’, l. 6.
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