J. M. Roberts and O. A. Westad
THE PENGUIN HISTORY OF THE WORLD
SIXTH EDITION
Contents
BOOK ONE
BEFORE HISTORY
Introduction
1 The Foundations
2
3 The Possibility of Civilization
BOOK TWO
CIVILIZATIONS
Introduction
1 Early Civilized Life
2 Ancient Mesopotamia
3 Ancient Egypt
4 Intruders and Invaders
5 The Beginnings of Civilization in South Asia
6 Ancient China
7 The Other Worlds of the Ancient Past
8 Transformations
BOOK THREE
THE CLASSICAL AGE
Introduction
1 Remaking the Old World
2 The Greeks
3 The Hellenistic World
4 Rome
5 Christianity and the Western Transition
6 Classical India
7 Classical China
BOOK FOUR
THE AGE OF DIVERGING TRADITIONS
Introduction
1 The Central Eurasian Crossroads
2 Islam and the Arab Empires
3 Byzantium and Its Sphere
4 The New Middle East and the Making of Europe
5 India
6 Imperial China
7 Japan
8 Worlds Apart
9 Europe: The Possibility of Change
10 New Limits, New Horizons
BOOK FIVE
THE MAKING OF THE EUROPEAN AGE
Introduction
1 Qing China and Mughal India
2 A New Kind of Society: Early Modern Europe
3 Authority and Its Challengers in Europe
4 The New World of Great Powers
5 Europe’s Assault on the World
6 World History’s New Shape
7 Ideas Old and New
BOOK SIX
THE GREAT ACCELERATION
Introduction
1 Long-term Change
2 Political Change in an Age of Revolution
3 Political Change: A New Europe
4 Political Change: The Anglo-Saxon World
5 The European World Hegemony
6 Imperialism and Imperial Rule
7 Asian Metamorphoses
BOOK SEVEN
THE END OF THE EUROPEAN AGE
Introduction
1 Strains in the System
2 The Era of the First World War
3 The Making of a New Asia
4 The Ottoman Heritage and the Western Islamic Lands
5 The Second World War
6 Decolonization and Cold War
BOOK EIGHT
OUR OWN TIME
Introduction
1 Revolutions in Science and Perceptions
2 The Cold War World
3 Crises and Détente
4 The Closing of an Era
5 Openings and Closures
6 Whole World History
PENGUIN BOOKS
THE PENGUIN HISTORY OF THE WORLD
J. M. Roberts was born in Bath and educated at Oxford. He was a Fellow and Tutor of Merton College, Oxford, from 1953 to 1979. From 1979 to 1985 he was Vice-Chancellor of Southampton University and from 1985 to 1994 Warden of Merton College. From 1967 to 1976 Roberts was joint editor of the
O. A. Westad was born in Norway and educated at the University of Oslo and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. From 1990 to 1998 he was Director of Research at the Nobel Institute, and from 1998 Professor of International History at the London School of Economics. He has published fifteen books on modern and contemporary international history, among them
List of Maps
Sites of Some Celebrated Discoveries of Hominid Fossils
Early Sites of Farming in the Middle East and Europe
The Fertile Crescent
Ancient Egypt
The Indus Valley
China – Physical
Climatic Changes in the Sahara
Civilizations of the Middle East
The Greek World of the Aegean
The Persian Empire of the Achaemenids
The Peloponnesian War
Alexander’s March to the East
The Hellenistic World soon after 200 BC
The Mediterranean
Southern Italy 509–272 BC
The Punic Wars – Major Events
Roman Expansion
Major Roads, Cities and Garrisons of the Empire in the Age of the Antonines
Judaism in the Ancient World
Paul’s Missions
The Sassanid Empire
The Making of the Eastern Roman Empire
Justinian’s Empire 527–65
China under the Han Dynasty
Central Asia
Seventh-century Arabia
The Early Spread of Islam
Islamic Iberia
Islam beyond the Arab World until 1800
The Byzantine Empire
