American War Machine полностью

56. U.S. Congress, Senate, Minority Saff Report for Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Hearing on Private Banking and Money Laundering: A Case Study of Opportunities and Vulnerabilities, November 9, 1999, http://hsgac.senate

.gov/110999_report.htm. These figures are both much used and much disputed. But even if the real figures are only half those estimated by the Senate report, dirty money would appear to be a structural part of the U.S. economy. Those who deny this remind me of the economists who, as late as the 1950s, argued that U.S. foreign trade (then listed at about 2 percent of gross national product) was too small to be a significant element in the U.S. gross national product. No one would make that argument today.

57. Independent (London), February 29, 2004. Cf. Michel Chossudovsky, “The Spoils of War: Afghanistan’s Multibillion Dollar Heroin Trade,” Global Research, May 5, 2005, http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/CHO404A.html.

58. James Petras, “‘Dirty Money’ Foundation of U.S. Growth and Empire,” La Jornada, May 19, 2001, Narco News, http://www.narconews.com/petras1.html.

59. Asad Ismi, “The Canadian Connection: Drugs, Money Laundering and Canadian Banks,” AsadIsmi.ws, http://www.asadismi.ws/cancon.html. The Bank of Boston laundered as much as $2 million from the trafficker Gennaro Angiulo and eventually paid a fine of $500,000 (New York Times, February 22, 1985; Eduardo Varela-Cid, Hidden Fortunes: Drug Money, Cartels and the Elite Banks [Sunny Isles Beach, FL: El Cid Editor, 1999]).

60. Rajeev Syal, “Drug Money Saved Banks in Global Crisis, Claims UN Advisor,” Observer, December 13, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/global/2009/dec/13/drug

-money-banks-saved-un-cfief-claims.

61. RAND Corporation, “How Terrorist Groups End: Implications for Countering al Qa’ida,” Research Brief, RB-9351-RC, 2008, http://www.rand.org/pubs/research

_briefs/RB9351/index1.html.

62. Gilles Dorronsoro, “Focus and Exit: An Alternative Strategy for the Afghan War,” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, January 2009, http://carnegieen

dowment.org/files/afghan_war-strategy.pdf.

63. Michael T. Klare, Resource Wars: The New Landscape of Global Conflict (New York: Henry Holt, 2001), quoted in David Michael Smith, “The U.S. War in Afghanistan,” The Canadian, April 19, 2006, http://www.agoracosmopolitan.com/home/Frontpage/2006/04/19/01181.html, emphasis added. Cf. Scott, The Road to 9/11, 169–70.

64. Scott, The Road to 9/11, 166, 170; Ahmed Rashid, Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001), 159–80. Senator Hank Brown was a supporter of the Unocal project and welcomed the fall of Kabul as a chance for stable government (Rashid, Taliban, 166).

65. Brooke Shelby Briggs, “The Taliban, Unocal and a Pipeline,” Pacific News Service, http://130.94.183.89/magazine/pipeline.html.

66. BBC, September 18, 2001.

67. Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy and the End of the Republic (New York: Metropolitan/Henry Holt, 2004), 176.