Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary полностью

chained /tʃe I nd/ ADJ If you say that someone is chained to a person or a situation, you are emphasizing that there are reasons why they cannot leave that person or situation, even though you think they might like to. □ [+ to ] At work, he was chained to a system of boring meetings.

chai n gang (chain gangs ) N‑COUNT In the United States, a chain gang is a group of prisoners who are chained together to do work outside their prison. Chain gangs existed especially in former times.

chai n let|ter (chain letters ) N‑COUNT A chain letter is a letter, often with a promise of money, that is sent to several people who send copies on to several more people. Chain letters are illegal in some countries.

chai n mai l N‑UNCOUNT Chain mail is a kind of armour made from small metal rings joined together so that they look like cloth.

chai n re|a c|tion (chain reactions )

1 N‑COUNT A chain reaction is a series of chemical changes, each of which causes the next.

2 N‑COUNT A chain reaction is a series of events, each of which causes the next. □ [+ of ] The powder immediately ignited and set off a chain reaction of explosions.

chai n saw (chain saws ) also chainsaw N‑COUNT A chain saw is a big saw with teeth fixed in a chain that is driven round by a motor.

chai n-smoke (chain-smokes , chain-smoking , chain-smoked ) VERB Someone who chain-smokes smokes cigarettes or cigars continuously. □ [V ] Melissa had chain-smoked all evening while she waited for a phone call from Tom. [Also V n]

chai n-smoker (chain-smokers ) also chain smoker N‑COUNT A chain-smoker is a person who chain-smokes.

chai n store (chain stores ) also chain-store N‑COUNT A chain store is one of several similar shops that are owned by the same person or company, especially one that sells a variety of things.

chair ◆◆◇ /tʃeə ^r / (chairs , chairing , chaired )

1 N‑COUNT A chair is a piece of furniture for one person to sit on. Chairs have a back and four legs. □  He rose from his chair and walked to the window.

2 N‑COUNT [usu sing] At a university, a chair is the post of professor. □ [+ of/in ] He has been appointed to the chair of sociology at Southampton University.

3 N‑COUNT [usu sing] The person who is the chair of a committee or meeting is the person in charge of it. □ [+ of ] She shared her concerns with the chair of the church's finance council.

4 VERB If you chair a meeting or a committee, you are the person in charge of it. □ [V n] He was about to chair a meeting in Venice of E.U. foreign ministers.

5 N‑SING The chair is the same as the electric chair . [AM ]

chai r lift (chair lifts ) also chairlift N‑COUNT A chair lift is a line of chairs that hang from a moving cable and carry people up and down a mountain or ski slope.

chair|man ◆◆◇ /tʃeə ^r mən/ (chairmen )

1 N‑COUNT [oft with poss] The chairman of a committee, organization, or company is the head of it. □ [+ of ] Glyn Ford is chairman of the Committee which produced the report. □  I had done business with the company's chairman.

2 N‑COUNT The chairman of a meeting or debate is the person in charge, who decides when each person is allowed to speak. □  The chairman declared the meeting open. □  I hear you, Mr. Chairman. COLLOCATIONS chairman NOUN 1

noun + chairman : club, committee, company, party; deputy

adjective + chairman : former, outgoing; executive, non-executive, honorary; acting, interim

verb + chairman : appoint, elect

chair|man|ship /tʃeə ^r mənʃ I p/ (chairmanships ) N‑VAR The chairmanship of a committee or organization is the fact of being its chairperson. Someone's chairmanship can also mean the period during which they are chairperson. □ [+ of ] The Government has set up a committee under the chairmanship of Professor Roy Goode.