Marie Jégo, “Le renouveau cosaque,”
16.
Vladimir Putin, “Being Strong: National Security Guarantees for Russia,”
17.
Olivia Kroth, “Moscow Police Shall Revive the Great Cossack Tradition,”
18.
Kroth, “Moscow Police Shall Revive the Great Cossack Tradition.”
19.
Sergey Israpilov, “Rossii neobkhodimo ‘Novoe kazachestvo,’”
20.
Vladimir Putin, “Address to the Federal Assembly” (December 12, 2012).
21.
Steven Eke, “Russia’s Cossacks Rise Again,”
22.
Eke, “Russia’s Cossacks Rise Again.”
23.
“The Patriarch on the Cossacks” (October 14, 2009), speech by Patriarch Kirill at the session of the Council for Cossack Affairs under the President of the Russian Federation in Novocherkassk on October 14, 2009. http://www.fondkazachestva.org/patriarcheng.htm.
24.
“The Patriarch on the Cossacks.”
25.
Max Seddon, “Russia Restores Cossacks to Positions of Power,”
26.
Quoted in US Citizenship and Immigration Services, Resource Information Center (August 27, 1999).
27.
“Georgia/Russia: Use of Rocket System Can Harm Civilians,”
28.
“Shashki nagolo: Donskie Kazaki gotovyatsya voevat v Yuznoy Osetii” (Swords drawn:
Don Cossacks preparing themselves to fight in South Ossetia),
29.
“The Cossacks Return,”
30.
“The Cossacks Return.”
31.
“The Cossacks Return.”
32.
Luke Harding, “Russia’s Cruel Intention,”
33.
Israpilov, “Rossii neobkhodimo ‘Novoe kazachestvo.’”
34.
Fatima Tlisova, “Kremlin Backing of Cossacks Heightens Tensions in the North Caucasus,”
35.
Tlisova, “Kremlin Backing of Cossacks Heightens Tensions in the North Caucasus.”
36.
Quoted in Masha Lipman, “Putin’s Patriotism Lessons,”
37.
Lipman, “Putin’s Patriotism Lessons.”
38.
Lipman, “Putin’s Patriotism Lessons.”
39.
Olesya Gerasimenko, “Kazak: eto ne natsionalnost, eto rytsar pravoslaviya” (A Cossack:
this is not a nationality, this is a knight of the Orthodox religion),
40.
Gerasimenko, “Kazak: eto ne natsionalnost, eto rytsar pravoslaviya.”
41.
Dorokhina, “Kratkiy kurs istorii kazachestva.”
42.
Kroth, “Moscow Police Shall Revive the Great Cossack Tradition.”
43.
“Russia’s Cossacks Take on New Foes in Moscow: Beggars, Drunks and Illegally Parked
Cars,”
44.
“Cossacks Should Be Allowed to Flog Gays, Siberian Lawmaker Says,”
45.
http://www.kazakirossii.ru.
46.
Julia Smirnova, “Wie Russlands patriotische Kosaken Moskau erobern,”
47.
Lyudmila Alexandrova, “Russian Cossacks Want to Have More Say in Russia’s Social and
Political Life,”
48.
Alexander Golts, “A Cossack Mafia in the Making,”
49.
Golts, “A Cossack Mafia in the Making.”
50.
Golts, “A Cossack Mafia in the Making.”
The Wheels of War
Three Lost Wars
Over the past sixty-five years—not counting the armed interventions of the Warsaw Pact in Hungary (1956) and Czechoslovakia (1968)—the Soviet Union/Russia has fought five wars:
The Cold War (1945–1989)
The War in Afghanistan (1979–1989)
The First Chechen War (1994–1996)
The Second Chechen War (1999–2009)
The war with Georgia (2008)
The first three wars were lost; the last two were won. The two last wars were Putin’s wars: these military actions were carefully prepared, meticulously planned, and ruthlessly conducted by the Putin regime. Why did Putin succeed where his predecessors failed? What are the differences between these wars? And—an even more important question—what role does war play in Putin’s overall strategy? I will try to answer these questions here and in the following chapters.
The Cold War: Containment Versus Expansionism
