RGADA, f. 1292, op. 1, d. 6, l. 68; E. Tarle, Krymskaia voina, 2 vols. (Moscow, 1944), vol. 1, p. 273; ‘Vospominaniia kniazia Emiliia Vitgenshteina’, Russkaia starina, 104 (1900), p. 190.
5
A. Khomiakov, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, 8 vols. (Moscow, 1900), vol. 8, p. 350.
6
FO 78/1014, Cunningham to Stratford Canning, 4, 20, 23 and 30 Mar. 1854.
7
E. Jouve, Guerre d’Orient: Voyage à la suite des armées alliées en Turquie, en Valachie et en Crimée (Paris, 1855), p. 115; FO 78/1008, Fonblanque to Stratford Canning, 27 Mar. 1854; FO 78/1014, Cunningham to Stratford Canning, 23 Mar. 1854.
8
RGVIA, f. 9198, op. 6/264, cb. 6, d. 14, ll. 101, 104, 106.
9
FO 78/1009, Fonblanque to Palmerston, 27 May 1854; Palmerston to Fonblanque, 10 July 1854.
10
RGVIA, f. 846, op. 16, d. 5417, ll. 41–4; E. Kovalevskii, Voina s Turtsiei i razryv s zapadnymi derzhavami v 1853–1854 (St Petersburg, 1871), pp. 203–15; S. Plaksin, Shchegolovskii al’bom: Sbornik istoricheskikh faktov, vospominanii, zapisok, illiustratsii i.t.d. za vremia bombardirovki Odessy v 1854 (Odessa, 1905), pp. 43–7.
11
RGVIA, f. 481, op. 1, d. 89, ll. 1–5; M. Bogdanovich, Vostochnaia voina 1853–1856, 4 vols. (St Petersburg, 1876), vol. 2, pp. 89–93; L. Guerrin, Histoire de la dernière guerre de Russie (1853–1856), 2 vols. (Paris, 1858), vol. 1, pp. 111–15; J. Reid, Crisis of the Ottoman Empire: Prelude to Collapse 1839–1878 (Stuttgart, 2000), pp. 255–7; NAM 1968–03–45 (‘Journal of Captain J. A. Butler at the Siege of Silistria’).
12
NAM 1968–03–45 (‘Journal of Captain J. A. Butler at the Siege of Silistria’); RGVIA, f. 846, op. 16, d. 5520, ch. 2, l. 62.
13
Tolstoy’s Letters, vol. 1, pp. 39–40.
14
Tarle, Krymskaia voina, vol. 1, pp. 445–7.
15
B. Gooch, The New Bonapartist Generals in the Crimean War (The Hague, 1959), pp. 82, 109; NAM 1973–11–170 (Kingscote letter, 15 May, p. 2).
16
J. Herbé, Français et russes en Crimée: Lettres d’un officier français à sa famille pendant la campagne d’Orient (Paris, 1892), p. 30.
17
L. Noir, Souvenirs d’un simple zouave: Campagnes de Crimée et d’Italie (Paris, 1869), p. 222.
18
P. de Molènes, Les Commentaires d’un soldat (Paris, 1860), pp. 58–9.
19
The Times, 26 Apr. 1854.
20
C. Bayley, Mercenaries for the Crimean: The German, Swiss, and Italian Legions in British Service 1854–6 (Montreal, 1977), p. 20. On the Irish in the British army, see D. Murphy, Ireland and the Crimean War (Dublin, 2002), pp. 17–25.
21
NAM 1968–07–289 (Raglan to Herbert, 15 May 1854).
22
NAM 1994–01–215 (Bell letter, June 1854).
23
A. Slade, Turkey and the Crimean War: A Narrative of Historical Events (London, 1867), p. 355.
24
NAM 1973–11–170 (Kingscote letter, 29 Apr. 1854, p. 3); Noir, Souvenirs d’un simple zouave, p. 212.
25
J. Howard Harris, Earl of Malmesbury, Memoirs of an Ex-Minister, 2 vols. (London, 1884), vol. 1, p. 412; The Diary and Correspondence of Henry Wellesley, First Lord Cowley, 1790–1846 (London, 1930), p. 54.
26
Tolstoy’s Letters, vol. 1, pp. 40–41.
27
A. Tiutcheva, Pri dvore dvukh imperatov: Vospominaniia, dnevnik, 1853–1882 (Moscow, 1928–9), p. 195; Akten zur Geschichte des Krimkriegs: Österreichische Akten zur Geschichte des Krimkriegs, ser. 1, vol. 2 (Munich, 1980), p. 248.
28
Bogdanovich, Vostochnaia voina, vol. 2, pp. 107–8.
29
Jouve, Guerre d’Orient, p. 121; A. Kinglake, The Invasion of the Crimea: Its Origin and an Account of Its Progress down to the Death of Lord Raglan, 8 vols. (London, 1863), vol. 2, p. 56; Guerrin, Histoire de la dernière guerre, vol. 1, pp. 123–5.
30
Jouve, Guerre d’Orient, pp. 108, 116.
31
Tolstoy’s Letters, vol. 1, p. 41.
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