Jia Chong and Pei Xiu bowed low and said, “Cao Pi's action may be taken as a precedent to continue an older dynasty. Wherefore prepare an abdication terrace to make the great declaration.”
Sima Yan resolved to act promptly. Next day he entered the Palace armed with a sword. No court had been held for many days, for Cao Huang was ill at ease and full of dread. When Sima Yan appeared, the Ruler of Wei left his place and advanced to met him. Sima Yan sat down.
“By whose merits did Wei succeed to empire?” he asked suddenly.
“Certainly success was due to your forefathers,” replied Cao Huang.
Sima Yan smiled, saying, “Your Majesty is unskilled in debate, inept in war, and unfit to rule. Why not give place to another more able and virtuous?”
Cao Huang's lips refused a reply.
But Zhang Jie, one of the ministers, cried, “You are wrong to speak thus, O Prince. His Majesty's ancestor conquered east and west, north and south, and won the empire by strenuous effort. The present Emperor is virtuous and without fault. Why should he yield place to another?”
Sima Yan replied angrily, “The imperial right lay with the Hans, and Cao Cao coerced them as he did the nobles. In making himself the Prince of Wei, he usurped the throne of Han. Three generations of my forefathers upheld the House of Wei, so that their power is not the result of their own abilities, but of the labor of my house. This is known to all the world, and am I not equal to carrying on the rule of Wei?”
“If you do this thing, you will be a rebel and an usurper,” said Zhang Jie.
“And what shall I be if I avenge the wrongs of Han?”
He bade the lictors take Zhang Jie outside and beat him to death, while the Ruler of Wei wept and besought pardon for his faithful counselor.
Sima Yan rose and left.
Cao Huang turned to Jia Chong and Pei Xiu, saying, “What should I do? Some decision must be taken.”
They replied, “Truth to tell, the measure of your fate is accomplished and you cannot oppose the will of Heaven. You must prepare to abdicate as did Emperor Xian of the Hans. Resign the throne to the Prince of Jin and thereby accord with the design of Heaven and the will of the people. Your personal safety need not cause you anxiety.”
Cao Huang could only accept this advice, and the terrace was built. The “mouse” day of the twelfth month was chosen for the ceremony. On that day the Ruler of Wei, dressed in full robes of ceremony, and bearing the seal in his hand, ascended the terrace in the presence of a great assembly.
The Emperor-elect was requested to ascend the high place, and there received the great salute. Cao Huang then descended, robed himself as a minister and took his place as the first of subjects.
Sima Yan now stood upon the terrace, supported by Jia Chong and Pei Xiu. Cao Huang was ordered to prostrate himself, while the command was recited, and Jia Chong read:
Sadly Cao Huang withdrew. Sima Fu, Guardian of the Throne, wept before the deposed Emperor and promised eternal devotion.
“I have been a servant of Wei and will never turn my back upon the House,” said he.
Sima Yan did not take this amiss, and out of admiration he offered Sima Fu the princedom of Anping. But Sima Fu declined the offer.