100. Transcript of President George Meany’s Press Conference, Executive Council Meeting, 8 May 1967, box 98, folder AFL-CIO, ANG Papers.

101. Cord Meyer to Allen Dulles, 1 May 1967; Allen Dulles to Joan Braden, 20 June 1967; both 8.27, Dulles Papers.

102. Walt Rostow to Lyndon Johnson, 19 April 1967, box 44, folder Ramparts-NSA-CIA, NSF, Johnson Library.

103. See Thomas, Best Men, p. 124.

104. Saunders, Who Paid the Piper? p. 398.

105. Victor Riesel, “Reuther-Meany Feud and the CIA,” World-Journal-American, 2

May 1967, box 570, folder U.S.–Central Intelligence Agency, Jay Lovestone Papers, Hoover Institution, Stanford University.

106. John P. Roche to Lyndon Johnson, 17 February 1967, box 193, CF Oversize Attachments, Packet 3, WHCF, CF, Johnson Library.

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317

107. Lichtenstein, Most Dangerous Man, p. 422.

108. Quoted in Saunders, Who Paid the Piper? p. 402.

109. Douglass Cater to Lyndon Johnson, 21 February 1967, box 10, folder CIA Funding of Private Organizations, CIA Vol. 3 [2 of 2], Office of the White House Aides, Johnson Library; Jeffreys-Jones, CIA and American Democracy, p. 163.

110. Nicholas Katzenbach to Lyndon Johnson, “Report of Your Committee on CIA Relations with Private Voluntary Organizations,” 17 March 1967, box 193, CF

Oversize Attachments, Packet 3, WHCF, CF, Johnson Library.

111. Jeffreys-Jones, CIA and American Democracy, p. 186.

112. Dean Rusk to Lyndon Johnson, 4 June 1968, box 192, CF Oversize Attachments, Packet 1, WHCF, CF, Johnson Library.

113. Michael Warner, “Sophisticated Spies: CIA’s Links to Liberal Anti-Communists, 1949–1967,” International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 9 (1996–

97): 426.

Conclusion

1. Anon., “Presentation to the Rusk Committee: The Problem and the Alternatives,” 6 May 1967, box 192, CF Oversize Attachments, Packet 1, White House Central File, Confidential File, Lyndon B. Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.

2. Ibid.

3. The kidnapping and gruesome murder in Pakistan in 2002 of American journalist Daniel Pearl, based on the mistaken belief that he was a CIA agent, is a recent case in point.

4. See, for example, Robert D. Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000).

5. Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, United States Senate (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976), pp. 188–191.

6. See Ernest Volkman, “Spies on Campus,” Penthouse (October 1979), www.cia-on-campus.org/ (accessed 28 October 2005).

7. See Loch Johnson, America’s Secret Power: The CIA in a Democratic Society (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), p. 159.

8. Daniel Golden, “In from the Cold: After Sept. 11, the CIA Becomes a Growing Force on Campus,” Wall Street Journal, 4 October 2002, 1. The two most outspoken critics of clandestine links between the CIA and academe are University of Arizona political scientist David N. Gibbs, and distinguished University of Chicago historian Bruce Cumings.

9. See Hugh Wilford, “‘The Permanent Revolution?’ The New York Intellectuals, the CIA, and the Cultural Cold War,” in Helen Laville and Hugh Wilford, eds.,

318

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The U.S. Government, Citizen Groups, and the Cold War: The State-Private Network (London: Routledge, 2006), pp. 194–209.

10. See Richard Byrne, “A Collision of Prose and Politics,” Chronicle of Higher Education, 13 October 2006, 12.

11. Serge F. Kovaleski, “Young Muslims in Britain Hear Competing Appeals,” New York Times, 29 August 2006, 3.

12. Quoted in Burton Hersh, The Old Boys: The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA (St. Petersburg, Fla.: Tree Farm Books, 2002), p. 269.

Acknowledgments

I want to thank some friends and colleagues who, as well as helping review the manuscript, made other crucial contributions to the writing of this book. Robert Cook was a model of professional scholarship and collegial-ity; Dominic “RN” Sandbrook dared me to write for a larger audience and provided some excellent entertainment along the way; Brandon High offered his usual erudite commentary; Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones was a sympathetic guide through the maze of American intelligence history; and Nelson Lichtenstein allowed me to pick his vast brain mercilessly over the tennis net.

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