202. Ruth Bettina Birn, Die Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer. Himmlers Vertreter im Reich und in den besetzten Gebieten, Düsseldorf, 1986, 197–205. Martyn Housden, ‘Hans Frank — Empire Builder in the East, 1939–41’, European History Quarterly, 24 (1994), 367–93, here especially 376–8, is inclined to play down Frank’s subordination to the SS. On the figure of Hans Frank, see Christoph Kleßmann, ‘Der Generalgouverneur Hans Frank’, VfZ, 19 (1971), 245–60; Christoph Kleßmann, ‘Hans Frank — Parteijurist und Generalgouverneur in Polen’, in Ronald Smelser and Rainer Zitelmann (eds.), Die braune Elite, Darmstadt, 1989, 41–51; and Joachim C. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, Harmondsworth, 1972, 315–31.
203. See Herbert, Fremdarbeiter, 115ff.
204. See Christopher Browning, ‘Nazi Resettlement Policy and the Search for a Solution to the Jewish Question, 1939–1941’, in Christopher Browning (ed.), The Path to Genocide. Essays on Launching the Final Solution, Cambridge, 1992, 3–27. Aly, ‘Endlösung’, 14ff., emphasizes the interconnection of resettlement plans and genocide, which his study examines.
205. Aly, 60–62.
206. See Seev Goschen, ‘Eichmann und die Nisko-Aktion im October 1939’, VfZ, 29 (1981), 74–96, especially 72, 82, 86; Safrian, 68ff.
207. Aly, 62–4.
208. Goschen, 91ff; Safrian, 78–81.
209. Faschismus-Getto-Massenmord. Dokumentation über Ausrottung und Widerstand der Juden in Polen während des zweiten Weltkrieges, ed. Jüdisches Historisches Institut Warschau, Frankfurt am Main, n.d. [1961], 42–3.
210. Faschismus, 43–6; Hilberg, 137ff.; Kershaw, ‘“Warthegau”’, 56–7.
211. See Ernst Klee and Willi Dreßen (eds.), ‘Gott mit uns’. Der deutsche Vernichtungskrieg im Osten 1939–1945, Frankfurt am Main, 1989, 12–13; The New German Order in Poland, 220ff., 230–31; Faschismus, 53.
212. Faschismus, 46.
213. Glowna Komissa Badni Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce Archiwum Warsaw [War Crimes Archive], Process Artura Greisera, File 27, Fol. 167.
214. See Faschismus, 52–3.
215. Aly, 84–5. As we noted in the previous chapter, patients in asylums in Stettin and other localities on the Pomeranian coast had been murdered the previous autumn to make accommodation available for almost 50,000 ethnic Germans transported there from Latvia. (See Aly, ‘Endlösung’, 65.)
216. Aly, 85.
217. Pätzold, Verfolgung, 262.
218. Browning, Path, 32.
219. Lucjan Dobroszycki (ed.), The Chronicle of the Lodz Ghetto, 1941–1944, New Haven/London, 1984, xxxix.
220. Browning, Path, 35.
221. Werner Präg and Wolfgang Jacobmeyer (eds.), Das Diensttagebuch des deutschen Generalgou verneurs in Polen 1919–1945, Stuttgart, 1975 (=DTB Frank), 261–4 (31 July 1940).
222. Kershaw, ‘“Warthegau”’, 58.
223. DTB Frank (31 July 1940), 261; Faschismus, 57–8.
224. Wildt, 32–3.
225. Brechtken, 16, 32ff.; and Leni Yahil, ‘Madagascar — Phantom of a Solution for the Jewish Question’, in Bela Vago and George L. Mosse (eds.), Jews and Non-Jews in Eastern Europe, New York, 1974, 315–34, here 315–19, where consideration by the Polish government in the later 1930s of Madagascar as an area to resettle Jews, leading to talks with the French government about the proposal, is also outlined. On 5 March 1938, Heydrich instructed Eichmann to prepare a memorandum indicating that emigration could no longer, partly for financial reasons, be regarded as a solution to the ‘Jewish Question’, and that it was therefore necessary ‘to find a foreign-political solution as had already been negotiated between Poland and France’ (‘und dass man darum herantreten muss, eine außenpolitische Lösung zu finden, wie sie bereits zwischen Polen und Frankreich verhandelt wurde’). An arrow pointed to ‘Madagaskar-Projekt’ written in the margin. (Cit. Yahil, ‘Madagascar’, 321.)
226. Christopher Browning, The Final Solution and the German Foreign Office, New York/London, 1978, 35.
