301. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 119–93 (at 119: RGASPI, f. 17, op. 163, l. 1–218: corrected transcript). See also Khlevniuk et al., Stalinskoe politburo, 99–100 (RGASPI, f. 589, op. 3, d. 9333, t. 2, l. 121).
302. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 123–4, 163–4.
303. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 178, 316 (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 163, d. 1001, l. 182–208: the uncorrected transcript, which has Kalinin, Mikoyan, Molotov, and Orjonikidze interjecting some of the statements that would be incorporated as Stalin’s words).
304. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 125.
305. Kuromiya, “Stalin in the Politburo Transcripts,” 48.
306. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 193–4 (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 163, d. 1003, l. 22–5). At one point, when Postyshev had admonished Syrtsov that he should have talked to Orjonikidze, Stalin interjected, “That’s all he does, talk to people.” Stalin removed this sneer from the transcript. But his frustration with Orjonikidze in the role of party disciplinarian was manifest. Khlevniuk et al., Stenogrammy zasedanii politbiuro, III: 176.
307. He added that the mass violence in the Soviet Union was “the brutality of the self-defense of the people, surrounded by secret and open traitors, uncompromising enemies. This brutality is provoked and—by that—justified.” Of course, the brutality was being directed against the people by the Soviet state.
308. Pravda, Nov. 26, 1930; Za industrializtasiiu, Nov. 27, 1930; Shitts, Dnevnik, 250–1. When the marching workers reached the trial venue, their chants were said to be audible inside—“Death! Death! Death!” Lyons, Assignment in Utopia, 370–80.
309. Khaustov et al., Lubianka: Stalin i VChK, 258–9 (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 162, d. 9, l. 81–2: Nov. 25, 1930).
310. Copies were sent to Poskryobyshev for Stalin, as well as to Molotov, Kaganovich, Postyshev, and Orjonikidze, but to no one else in the politburo or political leadership. Sevost’ianov et al., “Sovershenno sekretno,” VIII/i: 591–6 (TsA FSB, f. 2, op. 8, d. 658, l. 268–73).
311. Khaustov et al., Lubianka: Stalin i VChK, 804.
312. This was Pyotr Palchinsky: Ramzin et al., Protsess “Prompartii,” 9, 13–4. See also Rothstein, Wreckers on Trial.
313. Sergei Kirov’s credulous notes on the supposed specific plans of the foreign intervention have survived: Golubev et al., Rossiia i zapad, 154 (citing RGASPI, f. 80, op. 14, d. 16, l. 4).
314. Degras, Soviet Documents on Foreign Policy, II: 444–5 (June 26, 1930). France hosted a large anti-Soviet émigré community that got under Stalin’s skin.
315. Haslam, Soviet Foreign Policy, 43–5 (Oct. 3). Litvinov telegrammed Valerian Dovgalevsky in Paris to make an oral protest, which he did: DVP SSSR, XIII: 821 (Oct. 11), 566–9 (Oct. 14); Adibekov et al., Politbiuro TsK RKP (b)—VKP (b) i Evropa, 231 (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 162, d. 9, l. 48), 232–3 (l. 54, 56).
316. Ramzin et al., Protsess “Prompartii,” 531–7. “Among the ordinary public, especially among workers and the Communist herd, there prevails a conviction that there was a plot, there was a ‘party,’ others ‘believe’ even in the participation of Poincaré himself,” Shitts recorded in his diary. He deemed workers ready to “tear to shreds the entire intelligentsia,” in a kind of “dekulakization.” Shitts, Dnevnik, 254.
317. Haslam, Soviet Foreign Policy, 3–4; DBFP, 2nd series, VII: 153–5 (Strang to Henderson, referring to briefing by Arens, Aug. 30, 1930). “World imperialism is carrying on a policy of never-ending provocation for war,” Pravda had succinctly editorialized (Aug. 28, 1930).
318. RGASPI, f. 558, op. 11, d. 184, l. 117 (Oct. 20, 1930).
319. DVP SSSR, XIII: 484–6 (Arosyev to Moscow: Sept. 4, 1930), 497 (Stomonyakov’s response to Arosyev: Sept. 6). Stalin refrained from public comment on the Industrial Trial until the summer of 1931. Sochinenia, XIII: 70–2.
320. Ramzin et al., Protsess “Prompartii,” 517–26 (Dec. 7, 1930), 527 (Dec. 8).
321. Samygin, “Prompartiia.”
322. In a prison institute, Ramzin conducted research on construction of boilers. Five years after the trial, he would be freed and awarded the Order of Lenin. Medvedev, Let History Judge, 263–72.
323. Sevost’ianov et al., “Sovershenno sekretno,” VIII/ii: 1210 (TsA FSB, f. 2, op. 8, d. 658, l. 398–408: Dec. 20, 1930).
