7. Quoted in McMeekin, Red Millionaire, p. 197.
8. Quoted in Albert Fried, Communism in America: A History in Documents (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997), p. 286.
9. For an overview of the Popular Front, see Michael Denning, The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century (London: Verso, 1996), chap. 1.
10. See Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes, and Fridrikh Igorevich Firsov, The Secret World of American Communism (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1995); and Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes, and Kyrill M. Anderson, The Soviet World of American Communism (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1998).
11. See Harvey Klehr and John Earl Haynes, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1999).
12. See Ellen Schrecker and Maurice Isserman, “‘Papers of a Dangerous Tendency’: From Major Andre’s Boot to the VENONA Files,” in Schrecker, ed., Cold War Triumphalism: The Misuse of History after the Fall of Communism (New York: Free Press, 2004), pp. 149–173.
13. Quoted in Koch, Double Lives, p. 15.
14. See Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, Cloak and Dollar: A History of American Secret Intelligence, 2nd ed. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003), chap. 9; and Thomas Powers, Intelligence Wars: American Secret History from Hitler to al-Qaeda (New York: New York Review Books, 2002), chap. 1.
15. Burton Hersh, The Old Boys: The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA (St.
Petersburg, Fla.: Tree Farm Books, 2002), p. 52.
16. Quoted in Patrick K. O’Donnell, Operatives, Spies, and Saboteurs: The Unknown Story of the Men and Women of World War II’s OSS (New York: Free Press, 2004), p. xi.
17. See Thomas F. Troy, Wild Bill and Intrepid: Donovan, Stephenson, and the Origin of the CIA (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1996).
18. Hersh, Old Boys, p. 12.
19. Powers, Intelligence Wars, p. 46.
20. Hersh, Old Boys, p. 12.
21. Powers, Intelligence Wars, p. 48.
22. Atherton Richards, quoted in Hersh, Old Boys, p. 77.
23. On the Jedburghs, see the lively, semifictionalized portrait, clearly based on the authors’ personal experiences, in Stewart Alsop and Thomas Braden, Sub Rosa: The OSS and American Espionage (New York: Reynal and Hitchcock, 1946). For more on university professors’ service in the OSS, see Robin Winks, Cloak and
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Gown: Scholars in the Secret War, 1939–1961, 2nd ed. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1996).
24. See Peter Grose, Gentleman Spy: The Life of Allen Dulles (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994), chap. 9.
25. Alsop and Braden, Sub Rosa, p. 21.
26. Quoted in O’Donnell, Operatives, p. xv.
27. For more on the OSS’s MO branch, see Clayton D. Laurie, The Propaganda Warriors: America’s Crusade against Nazi Germany (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996), esp. chap. 7.
28. See Bradley F. Smith, The Shadow Warriors: OSS and the Origins of the CIA (New York: Basic Books, 1983), chap. 7.
29. Quoted in Peter Grose, Operation Rollback: America’s Secret War behind the Iron Curtain (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000), p. 37.
30. Quoted in Hersh, Old Boys, p. 194.
31. Ibid., p. 147.
32. Quoted in Grose, Operation Rollback, p. 89.
33. Quoted in Hersh, Old Boys, p. 154.
34. Quoted in ibid., p. 154.
35. Ibid., p. 160.
36. George F. Kennan, Memoirs, 1925–1950 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1967), p. 293.
37. Ibid., pp. 557, 555, 557. For a highly suggestive analysis of Kennan’s rhetoric, see Frank Costigliola, “Demonizing the Soviets: George F. Kennan’s Long Telegram,” in Robert J. McMahon and Thomas G. Paterson, eds., The Origins of the Cold War, 4th ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999), pp. 157–174.
38. Quoted in Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, The CIA and American Democracy, 3rd ed.
(New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003), p. 35.
39. Grose, Operation Rollback, p. 88.
