Stalin полностью

319. Kol’tsov, “Agentura trotskistov v Ispanii.” See also “Ispanskii dnevnik,” Novyi mir, no. 4 (1938): 5 (Jan. 21, 1937).

320. Valedinskii, “Organizm Stalina vpolne zdorovyi.”

321. Murin, Stalin v ob”iatiakh, 190–1. “Stalin’s children not there,” observed Dimitrov. “Till 5:30 in the morning!” Banac, Diary of Georgi Dimitrov, 47 (Dec. 21, 1936).

322. Kudriashov, SSSR i grazhdanskaia voina v Ispanii, 156–7 (APRF, f. 3, op. 65, d. 222, l. 172–5); Pertsov, Voina i revoliutsiia v Ispanii, I: 419–21; Carr, Comintern and the Spanish Civil War, 86–8. See also VII kongress Kommunisticheskogo Internatsionala, 452 (Dec. 27, 1936, Comintern decree). Stalin would reiterate to Pascua in person on Feb. 3, 1937, that there would be no Soviet model for Spain, which was called “a democratic republic of a new type.”

323. Ercoli, “Ob osobennostiakh ispanskoi revoliutsii.” “Kautsky” was also the code name used for Diaz, the leader of the Spanish Communist party.

324. Göring had extended the invitation on Dec. 6; Litvinov had telegrammed permission to accept. Abramov, “Osobaia missiia Davida Kandelaki,” 150 (citing AVP RF, f. 05, op. 16, pap. 118, d. 46, l. 157–9; op. 17, pap. 130, d. 42, l. 7: Surits to Krestinsky: Jan. 27, 1937); Adibekov et al., Politbiuro TsK RKP (b)—VKP (b) i Evropa, 346–7n1 (RGASPI, f. 71, op. 25, d. 3646).

325. RGANI, f. 89, op. 63, d. 22, l. 1–5 (Stomonyakov, Nov. 10, 1936); RGANI, f. 89, op. 63, d. 23, l. 1–9 (Dec. 24). Stalin and entourage received the Mongols again on Jan. 4, 1937, this time with trade and economics officials. The meeting ended with supper and toasts. Stalin told the story of his escape from Buryat Novaya Uda in 1903. RGANI, f. 89, op. 63, d. 24, l. 1–12.

326. Taylor, Generalissimo, 134–6.

327. Zhang was kept in indefinite house arrest. Taylor, Generalissimo, 135 (citing T. V. Soong Papers, box 60, folder 3, p. 15); Gibson, “Chiang Kai-shek’s Central Army,” 336.

328. “Chiang had left for Xian a popular leader,” his biographer writes, “but returned a national hero.” Taylor, Generalissimo, 135–6.

329. “The terrific personal shock Chiang had suffered might have embittered and unbalanced a man less gifted with foresight and hastened him into precipitate actions of revenge—which, in fact, Chiang’s angry followers in Nanking demanded,” wrote Edgar Snow. Snow, Red Star over China, 465.

330. Chiang Ching-kuo would return via Vladivostok to China on April 19, 1937.

331. In Dec. 1936, Wang Jingwei had an audience with Hitler, discussing China’s entry into the Pact and Germany’s reciprocation with greatly expanded aid. (The German foreign ministry dismissed reports of the meeting as “hearsay.”) Taylor, Generalissimo, 622n142. See also Wai Chor, “Making of the Guomindang’s Japan Policy,” 244. In late 1938, Wang would depart Chongqing for Hanoi, French Indochina, and announce his support for a negotiated settlement with the Japanese; he would fly to Shanghai and enter into negotiations with Japan, defecting to the Japanese side.

332. Larina, This I Cannot Forget, 324, 304.

333. Valedinskii, “Organizm Stalina vpolne zdorovyi.”

334. Kommunisticheskii Internatsional, 1937, no. 1: 8–9.

335. AVP RF, f. 05, op. 17, d. 49, p. 131, l. 59–60 (La Batalla, Jan. 21, 1937). Orlov seems to have pushed in Jan. 1937 for approval for an armed uprising in the Nationalist rear, in Spanish Morocco, but the Spanish Republican government did not support the idea, wary of overly antagonizing France given the proximity to French Morocco. Costello and Tsarev, Deadly Illusions, 274, 467n21 (citing ASVRR file 17679, I: 54). Orlov finally became official NKVD station chief in Spain in late Feb. 1937.

336. It seems that in Nov. 1936, one POUM activist who traveled to Mexico as head of a sports delegation transmitted a request from the POUM leadership to the Mexican president to grant Trotsky political asylum there. The next year, this same man, Bartolome Costa-Amik, met three times with Trotsky. The two men argued over the desirability and feasibility of POUM carrying out a socialist revolution in Spain, as in Russia. Rogovin, 1937, 355 (citing Trud, Feb. 22, 1994).

337. L. Trotskii, “V Meksike,” Hoover Institution Archives, Nicolaevsky Collection, box 354, folder 37, pp. 124–5. Trotsky was under surveillance by the Mexican police, the Mexican Communist party (on behalf of Moscow), the NKVD, and the U.S. Government. Hoover Institution Archives, Joseph Hansen Papers, box 70, folder 8, pp. 1–15.