110.Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, 393.

111.Mary Dudziak, “Brown as a Cold War Case,” Journal of American History, June 2004, 37.

112.Dwight Eisenhower, Address on Situation in Little Rock, September 24, 1957, APP.

113.Lyndon B. Johnson, Remarks on Voting Rights Act, August 6, 1965, APP.

114.CIA, “Restless Youth,” September 1968, Declassified Documents Reference System; Jonathan Cole, The Great American University: Its Rise to Preeminence, Its Indispensable National Role, Why It Must Be Protected (New York: PublicAffairs, 2012).

115.Melvyn Leffler, Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism: U.S. Foreign Policy and National Security, 1920–2015 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017), 231.

116.Diane Kunz, Butter and Guns: America’s Cold War Economic Diplomacy (New York: Free Press, 1997), 2; Margaret O’Mara, The Code: Silicon Valley and the Remaking of America (New York: Penguin Press, 2019).

117.National Foreign Assessment Center, “Soviet–American Relations: The Outlook of Brezhnev’s Successors,” November 1979, Box 59, William Odom File, Brzezinski Material, National Security Adviser File, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library.

118.Extracts from Brezhnev’s Speech to Soviet Party Congress, February 24, 1976, Box 51, James Schlesinger Papers, LC. See also Raymond Garthoff, Détente and Confrontation: American–Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1985).

119.Lippmann, Cold War, esp. 18–23.

120.Editorial Note, FRUS 1955–1957, vol. 19, document 41.

121.Brent Scowcroft Oral History, November 12–13, 1999, Presidential Oral Histories, Miller Center, University of Virginia.

122.General Accounting Office, “Soviet Economy: Assessment of How Well the CIA Has Estimated the Size of the Economy,” September 1991; Stephen Kotkin, Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse 1970–2000 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 23–24.

123.Barry Watts and Andrew Krepinevich, The Last Warrior: Andrew Marshall and the Shaping of Modern American Defense Strategy (New York: Basic Books, 2015), 150–51; Robert Gates, From the Shadows: The Ultimate Insider’s Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996), 318–19.

124.Anatoly Dobrynin, In Confidence: Moscow’s Ambassador to Six Cold War Presidents (New York: Random House, 1995), 475.

125.Giovanni Arrighi, “The World Economy and the Cold War,” in Leffler and Westad, eds., Cambridge History of the Cold War, vol. 3, 28.

126.See Herbert Meyer to William Casey, “What Should We Do About the Russians?,” June 28, 1984, CIA FOIA.

127.Meeting of Kissinger, Fraser, and others, December 17, 1974, DNSA.

128.Leslie H. Gelb, “Foreign Affairs: Who Won the Cold War?,” New York Times, August 20, 1992.

129.Mark Kramer, “Stalin, the Split with Yugoslavia, and Soviet–East European Efforts to Reassert Control, 1948–1953,” in Timothy Snyder and Ray Brandon, eds., Stalin and Europe: Imitation and Domination, 1928–1953 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 295–315.

130.U.S. Minutes of Conversation, December 7, 1953, FRUS 1952–1954, vol. 5, part 2, document 353; Lorenz M. Lüthi, The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008).

131.Meeting of Nixon and CENTO Foreign Ministers, May 22, 1974, Box 4, MemCons, National Security Adviser File, Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.

132.Nixon–Heath Meeting, December 20, 1971, Box 1025, Presidential–HAK MemCons, Richard M. Nixon Presidential Library.

133.Richard Javad Heydarian, The Indo-Pacific: Trump, China, and the New Struggle for Global Mastery (New York: Palgave Macmillan, 2020), 160.

134.Dobrynin to Foreign Ministry, March 8, 1972, FRUS, Soviet–American Relations: The Détente Years, document 267.

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