The Eurasian Century полностью

162.William Inboden, The Peacemaker: Ronald Reagan, the Cold War, and the World on the Brink (New York: Penguin, 2022).

163.U.S.–Soviet Meeting, October 12, 1986, EBB 203, DNSA.

164.Ronald Reagan, Address to the People of Western Europe, November 4, 1987, APP.

165.Politburo Meeting, February 26, 1987, EBB 238, DNSA.

166.William Odom, The Collapse of the Soviet Military (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998), 134; Kiron Skinner, Annelise Anderson, and Martin Anderson, eds., Reagan: A Life in Letters (New York: Free Press, 2003), 384.

167.“Excerpts from Speech to U.N. on Major Soviet Military Cuts,” New York Times, December 8, 1988; Gorbachev, Memoirs, 459–60.

168.James Mann, The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan: A History of the End of the Cold War (New York: Viking, 2009), 282–84, 305–6.

169.Scowcroft to Bush, November 29, 1989, Box 10, OA/ID 91116, German Unification Files, Scowcroft Collection, George H. W. Bush Presidential Library.

170.Gorbachev–Baker Discussion, February 9, 1990, in Svetlana Savranskaya, Thomas Blanton, and Vladislav Zubok, eds., Masterpieces of History: The Peaceful End of the Cold War in Europe, 1989 (Budapest: Central European University Press, 2010), 683.

171.Anatoly Chernyaev, diary entry, January 18, 1986, EBB 220, DNSA. On this point, see also Robert Kagan, The Jungle Grows Back: America and Our Imperiled World (New York: Knopf, 2018), 70.

172.Samuel Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991), 26, for the 1940s; Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2013: Democratic Breakthroughs in the Balance, 29, for 1990 and 2000.

173.World Trade Organization, World Trade Report 2008: Trade in a Globalized World, 15; Robert Kagan, The World America Made (New York: Vintage, 2012), 40–41.

174.Aaron Friedberg, In the Shadow of the Garrison State: America’s Anti-Statism and Its Cold War Grand Strategy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000), 341.

175.Chamberlain, Cold War’s Killing Fields, 1.

176.John Lewis Gaddis, The Cold War: A New History (New York: Penguin, 2005), 2.

177.Baker, “Summons to Leadership,” April 2, 1992, Box 169, Baker Papers, SMML.

178.Nicholas Spykman, America’s Strategy in World Politics: The United States and the Balance of Power [1942] (New York: Routledge, 2017), 469.

179.Halford J. Mackinder, “The Geographic Pivot of History,” Geographical Journal, April 1904, 437.

Chapter 5: The Second Eurasian Century

1.“Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China on the International Relations Entering a New Era and the Global Sustainable Development,” February 4, 2022.

2.“Russia, China Push Back Against U.S. and NATO in Pre-Olympics Summit,” PBS Newshour, February 4, 2022.

3.Alexander [Aleksandr] Dugin, The Last War of the World-Island (London: Arktos, 2015), 145; Serhii Plokhy, The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History (New York: Norton, 2023).

4.Hal Brands, Dealing with Allies in Decline: Alliance Management and U.S. Strategy in an Era of Global Power Shifts (Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, 2017), 13–14.

5.Jeane Kirkpatrick, “A Normal Country in a Normal Time,” National Interest 21 (1990): 41–44.

6.James Baker, Remarks to Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, April 2, 1992, Box 169, Baker Papers, SMML.

7.Draft of FY 94–99 Defense Planning Guidance (DPG), February 18, 1992, EBB 245, DNSA; Patrick Tyler, “U.S. Strategy Plan Calls for Insuring No Rivals Develop,” New York Times, March 8, 1992.

8.Steven Mufson, “China Blasts U.S. for Dispatching Warship Groups,” Washington Post, March 20, 1996.

9.Robert Zoellick, “Whither China: From Membership to Responsibility?,” Remarks to National Committee on U.S.–China Relations, September 21, 2005; Aaron Friedberg, Getting China Wrong (London: Polity, 2022).

10.See State to All Diplomatic Posts, September 23, 1993, Box 1, NSC Files, Speechwriting Office, William J. Clinton Presidential Library.